Intense itching that is characteristic of chigger bites is caused by chiggers which are the larvae of the harvest mite. These larvae detach from the human body when they grow and the mites start to live in the soil. Many people believe that this larva dwells deep into the skin, but this is just a myth. The fact is that they do not have essential features to burrow and their size is also very large to fit inside the pores. These tiny creatures resemble ticks. These larvae are born as red colored creatures and change into yellow color upon feeding. It is believed that the red color of the larvae is due to squeezing of the human blood. But, these larvae do not feed on the blood. They digest the skin cells with the help of their saliva that contains hard core digestive enzymes and feed on the so formed liquid.

Chigger bites are identified by the presence of a swollen red region that is very painful and itchy. Itching is mainly felt in the region of torso. The itching can also be felt in the feet and ankles, which slowly spread upwards and increase in intensity. Itching does not start immediately after contact with the larvae. For about three hours after the attack, the larvae remain silent and indulge in work. They secrete the saliva to which the skin cells respond resulting in the formation of thick red colored tubes that are very painful and itchy. The symptoms persist for about two weeks even after getting rid of the causative agent, the chiggers. However, the larvae detach from the skin after three to four days of attack. Generally, they detach from the skin even before this while scratching or cleaning with an antiseptic lotion. Thus, it can be seen that the itching that lasts for about weeks is mainly due to the stylostome tube that is formed inside the skin during the attack. The itch reduces slowly as the tube is absorbed into the body.

To reduce the intensity of itching, it is essential to identify the cause of itching. If red swollen regions are identified, then it could be definitely due to chiggers. Take an immediate measure to get rid of the larvae by cleaning with an antiseptic lotion. This will reduce the chances of having secondary bacterial infections. After the area is thoroughly cleaned, apply a cream of hydrocortisone to reduce the itching. Application of calamine lotion also gives similar results. It is also essential to keep the area dry, for faster healing and also to prevent secondary infections.

Certain home remedies such as application of anti-lice shampoo over the affected area, application of a thin layer of clear nail polish or petroleum jelly helps to reduce the itching. However, it is essential to consult a physician before using them.

Lastly, to reduce the risk of secondary infections it is essential to keep the area dry and to avoid scratching. If the infection does not improve, it is essential to seek medical attention immediately.

Justin Williamson

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